The Merging of Cultures in Beowulf - 1410 Words

The story of Beowulf represents the merging of two cultural belief systems: paganism and Christianity. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon culture was based upon pagan practices- idolatry, worship of many Gods and a specific warrior’s code of conduct. Beowulf was born of this culture as a legend passed down through centuries by oral tradition until shortly after their conversion to Christianity. It was finally preserved in written form by an obviously Christian author in an attempt to unify the two belief systems, and in doing so hopefully further convincing the new Anglo-Saxon believers that the two cultures could be compatible with one another. The character of Beowulf becomes the ultimate Christian hero, bound to the Anglo-Saxon warrior’s code yet giving credit and praise to the Christian God for his victories. It is from this context that the story presents the conflict of good and evil in its characters, its imagery and its symbolism. In this way the author hopes to insp ire faith and belief in God, demonstrate how God deals with the forces of evil and ultimately how God is the answer to triumph over evil or adversity. As the hero of the story, Beowulf must be presented as a Godly or even God-like character, redeeming the Danes from the devil and hell itself. In keeping with Anglo-Saxon tradition, Beowulf is a proud, somewhat boastful warrior. He is loyal and honorable, but he seeks fame and glory on earth rather than in the afterlife, often boasting of his ownShow MoreRelatedKeeping Briton’s Religious Origins Alive through Ancient Literature1129 Words   |  5 Pages Furthermore, the persistence of these religious genres is evidenced in ancient literature such as Beowulf, The Myth of Arthur’s Return, or Diedru and the Exile of the Sons of Uisliu, as they retained remnants of origins of the Britons’ religious beliefs. In Beowulf, King Hrothgar, the ruler of Danes, is troubled by the rampages of a demon named Grendel. Fortunately, a young Geat warrior, Beowulf, travels from his own kingdom across the seas, to Heorot Hall offering his assistance with the pestRead MoreThe Religious Principles Of Beowulf1236 Words   |  5 PagesSyncretism is defined as the combination of different beliefs or practices. This term is an important topic within Beowulf, since the poem has obviously united two religious principles. Beowulf is dedicated to expressing and explaining the Germanic heroic code, but there are specific moments when Christianity and paganism over laps. Though Paganism focuses on victory, honor, and masculinity the author manages to add the act of forgiving your enemies, the significance of the monsters within the poemRead MoreThe Religious Themes Of The Epic Of Beowulf1485 Words   |  6 PagesIn Beowulf, two types of religion are portrayed by one unknown author, and play an important role in the interpretation of the epic poem. Paganism is one of the religions that are portrayed in the epic, and it is speculated that before it was written and recorded that the work was actually focused around a Pagan belief system before the Christian coloring and allusions were added. Christianity is the second religion being portrayed in this Epic Poem. It is theorized that a monk was the one that addedRead MoreBeowulf Is Most Important Pieces Of English Literature1871 Words   |  8 PagesBeowulf is one of the most important pieces of English literature. The epic poem is said to be a great representation of the Anglo-Saxon era. Written by an anonymous monk between 800 and 1000 A.D., Beowulf displays Anglo-Saxon practices, beliefs, values, and religion. Beowulf is not only a fascinating story, but also a primary source for the time period. Serving as a primary source document, scholars can have a deep understanding of the Anglo-Saxon culture. They can learn about the Old English lang uageRead MoreHow Does The Language Affect Culture Is Formed And Retained?1201 Words   |  5 PagesLanguage is one of the ways anthropological ways culture is formed and retained. Influenced by location, individual backgrounds and intermingling with others of different backgrounds, languages change often and rapidly. In the beginning of the English language and culture, the only way to intermingle was to conquer or be conquered. Dialects mixed, religion developed and histories, lof and entertainment were found nightly at the Mead-Hall. Although the entire family is not in one physical placeRead MoreHistory Of Ancient Poetry Ghosh ( 1 )995 Words   |  4 Pagesancient poetry GHOSH (1) The period of time of concerning 500-100AD in British history was characterized by foreign invasions and internal struggles. This resulted within the admixture of many races, tongues and cultures. Once the Romans departed from British Isles in 407 AD fighting continuing between the Picts and therefore the Scots who had lost their common enemy. The fifth century additionally saw conquests and therefore the gradual occupation by Germanic tribesRead MoreA Brief History of English Literature1782 Words   |  8 PagesA brief history of English literature 1. Anglo-Saxon literature Written in Old English c.650-c.1100. Anglo-Saxon poetry survives almost entirely in four manuscripts. Beowulf is the oldest surviving Germanic epic and the longest Old English poem; other great works include The Wanderer, The Battle of Maldon, and The Dream of the Rood. Notable prose includes the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a historical record begun about the time of King Alfred ´s reign (871-899) and continuing for more than three centuries

The Handmaids Tale As A Feminist Novel Essay - 1536 Words

Governments can rise and fall overnight and change can happen in the blink of an eye, nothing lasts forever. Margaret Atwood learned this from living through WWII and the Cold War. When writing her novel, The Handmaid’s Tale, she used real events and laws that had previously occurred in history. The Republic of Gilead is a dystopian society where contraceptives, syphilis, AIDS, pollution, nuclear plant accidents, chemical and biological warfare, and poor toxic waste disposal caused infertility which lead to a shrinkage in population. Gilead is based on seventeenth century puritan roots and is run by conservative religious extremists, who believe men should be the ones in power and woman should be oppressed and enslaved, and are only of†¦show more content†¦The handmaids are only there to help the commanders and their wives as said by Offred, â€Å"We are for breeding purposes: we aren’t concubines, geisha girls, courtesans. On the contrary: everything possible has been done to remove us from that category. There is supposed to be nothing entertaining about us, no room is to be permitted for the flowering of secret lusts; no special favors are to be wheedled, by them or us, there are to be no toeholds for love. We are two-legged wombs, that’s all: sacred vessels, ambulatory chalices† (Atwood 136). Marthas are the ones who do the house hold chores and are helped sometimes by the handmaids. The Aunts are true believers and are responsible for the teachings and brainwashing of the recently captured women brought to Gilead. They are charged with molding women and forcing them to conform to their ways through mental and physical abuse so they do not rebel or run away. They make women think so poorly of themselves that they resign themselves to their fate as a handmaid, and even make them believe that the situation they are in is their own fault. One of the Aunts states this to the women in the Red Center, â€Å"This may not seem ordinary to you now, but after a time it will. It will become ordinary† (Atwood 33). They are willing to go to extremes in Gilead to make sure their ways are followed. Next, the narrator in any story is very important as it is in their point of view thatShow MoreRelatedEssay on Feminist Ideas in Margaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale1199 Words   |  5 PagesFeminist Ideas in Margaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale For this essay, we focused strictly on critics reactions to Margaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale. For the most part, we found two separate opinions about The Handmaids Tale, concerning feminism. One opinion is that it is a feminist novel, and the opposing opinion that it is not. Feminism: A doctrine advocating social, political, and economic rights for women equal to those of men as recorded in Websters Dictionary. This topic is prevalentRead MoreMargaret Atwood s The Handmaid s Tale1345 Words   |  6 PagesMetaphor in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale† by Sonia Chadha compares the treatment of women in society to the treatment of women in The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood. Chadha’s essay leaves her readers in a state of bewilderment after only a few pages. Her disorganized structure and repetitive subjects are only a couple reasons of why this essay is an absolute mess. Chadha’s essay is all over the place and only shows one-side of the argument. Overall, this essay was poorly written and very repetitveRead MoreToni Morrison And Virginia Woolfs The Bluest Eye1629 Words   |  7 Pagesfact, made a tremendous impact on society and sculpted the way we see things in the world today. Toni Morrison, author of The Bluest Eye, challenged the Essentialists’ claim by making a novel about racism, and how it affected African American culture in the 20th century. Margaret Atwood, author of The Handmaid’s Tale, challenged this notion by addressing issues about sexual violence and political issues, except in the shape of an extremist and dystopian world. Moreover, Virginia Woolf, author of ToRead MoreMargaret Atwood : A Social Activist1225 Words   |  5 PagesMargaret Atwood: a Social Activist Through Feminist Literature The 1980s signified the continuation of an era of social and political upheaval in the United States of America. At the forefront was a socially conservative agenda that aimed to rescind women’s rights only ratified less than a decade before, a marked display of the nation’s desire to uphold traditional values that defined the preceding generation (Franà §oise). Among the devastating political climate, however, was Margaret Atwood:Read MoreThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1249 Words   |  5 PagesDystopian Research Essay: The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood In the words of Erika Gottlieb With control of the past comes domination of the future. A dystopia reflects and discusses major tendencies in contemporary society. The Handmaid s Tale is a dystopian novel written by Margaret Atwood in 1985. The novel follows its protagonist Offred as she lives in a society focused on physical and spiritual oppression of the female identity. Within The Handmaid s Tale it is evident that through theRead MoreThe Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood Essay2490 Words   |  10 PagesIn the days of anarchy, it was freedom to. Now you are being given freedom from,† (Atwood 24). The Handmaid’s Tale, written by Margaret Atwood, is a novel set in the near future where societal roles have severely changed. The most notable change is that concerning women. Whereas, in the past, women have been gaining rights and earning more â€Å"freedom to’s†, the women in the society of The Handmaid’s Tale have â€Å"freedom froms†. They have the freedom from being abused and having sexist phrases yelled atRead MoreAsd Asdf Oeer2098 Words   |  9 PagesStudy Guides and Literature Essays Editing Services College Application Essays Writing Help Q A Lesson Plans Home : The Handmaids Tale : Study Guide : Summary and Analysis of V: Nap - VI: Household The Handmaids Tale Summary and Analysis by Margaret Atwood Buy PDFBuy Paperback V: Nap - VI: Household Summary This section begins with Offred simply sitting alone, waiting. She had not been prepared for all this stillness, all of this boredom. She thinks about experimentsRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And The Handmaid s Tale : Crushing Dreams2951 Words   |  12 PagesRilye Fries Mrs. Tucker English 12 hour 3 13 March 2015 The Great Gatsby and The Handmaid’s Tale: Crushing Dreams The Great Gatsby is regarded as a classic novel for its sad and hopeful story of Jay Gatsby and his quest to obtain Daisy Buchanan, his first love. Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid s Tale is regarded as a more modern day classic, taking place in a dystopian society where women are regarded as sex slaves and the Bible is law. Both F. Scott Fitzgerald and Margaret Atwood, despite havingRead MoreThe Handmaids Tale By Margaret Atwood And Brave New World1498 Words   |  6 Pages The Handmaids tale by Margaret Atwood and Brave New World by Aldous Huxley are both dystopian fiction novels. In both novels all the aspects of society are controlled by the government. In Brave New World Characters in the novel are kept happy through drugs and society’s roles are determined depending on the genetics and lack of education. However in Handmaids Tale characters are controlled by secret police and very strict social rules and societal roles are determined by your lack of reproductiveRead MoreThe Importance of Memory in Margaret Atwoods Handmaids Tale.2058 Words   |  9 PagesFor this essay I aim to show the importance of memory and of remembering the past in The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood. The Handmaid’s Tale is a ‘speculative fiction’ first published in 1985 but set in the early 2000s. The novel was in response to changes in US politics with the emergence of Christian fundamentalism, the New Right. Atwood believed that society was going wrong and wrote this savage satire, similar to Jonathan Swift’s ‘A Modest Proposal’, depicting a dystopia which she uses as

International Political Economy and Human Development

Question: Discuss about theInternational Political Economy and Human Development. Answer: Introduction It is increasingly becoming apparent that indicators of increased female participation in waged activity do not necessarily correlate with decrease in gender inequality. How much responsibility for this can be attributed to the predominant gendered division of labour in the global production relations system and what can be done to overcome this? Explain. This statement which has been mentioned above would be described in the essay and based upon the essay the conclusion of the same would be provided. Traditionally, Australias societal composition added to major variations in chance and conclusion among the sex, ensuing in injustice and unfairness in opposition to more females than men over point in time. With the enhancement in females privileges over the precedent 150 years, the state was revealed to be a global example when it turn out to be the second state to grant females the ballot in 1902 (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2016). As per the collectively built functions of men and women which initiated to revolutionize, females establish oneself attaining more control rampant in modern community of the state, in spite of setting an example to the rest of the globe for selecting privileges. The personality of the community of the state was essentially created to have orderly gender based discrimination within it, which grants increase to prejudiced approaches within many areas. It was crucial to make a notice of, though, that gender fairness and disparity within the state were not elite to or restricted to certain areas only. The state was one of the various countries which have made certain advancement towards gender parity in current decades, chiefly in regions like learning where the percentage of females presenting institution of higher education in todays time outnumbers men. However, extensively inequality among the socio-economic situations of male and females remains obvious in a number of regions (Espinola, 2011). Females were persist to be paid less than men, were less likely to precede their jobs as far as males, and were expected to expend their ending years in scarcity; with high charges of reliance on government profits sustenance and inferior superannuation equilibrium. Females were also more probable to expend a high sum of period undertaking voluntary work. At the same time males often find it more tricky to way in friendly regulations or bendable working preparations than women (Relationships Australia, 2016). In current times, females in Australia have built momentous tread towards attaining equal opportunity with men. At colleges, workplaces, in boardrooms, etc. a rising amount of women have taken on management functions, forging trails for other women and girls to pursue (Joo, 2016). The State has been a country that has a extended past of efforts in exploration of ruling an equilibrium of gender impartiality. As it was one of the primary states to provide suffrage to females in 1901, by the endorsement of the Sex Discrimination Act in 1984, to new events such as the 2010 Paid Parental Leave Act, so it could be affirmed that the state has a long way to go. Yet still much requests to be done (Workplace Gender Equality Agency, 2016). In 1984, the Sex Discrimination Act was enforced, creating it beside the law unfairness to differentiate against somebody on the foundation of sex, marital status, household tasks or as they were expectant. It symbolizes the code of gratitude and recognition within the society of the state of fairness among the two diverse sex. In June 2010, the government initiated the Sex Discrimination Amendment Bill 2010 to modify the Sex Discrimination Act to, along with other things, it expand the safeguard from inequity on the basis of relations everyday jobs to both females and males in all parts of job (Australian Human Rights Commission, 2016). There has been important advancement in falling express sex unfairness since 1984, when the Sex Discrimination Act was approved by the congress. Nevertheless, the request of the Act over a part of a state has painted some severe restrictions with its present structure and substance. It was obvious that development on attaining sex parity in the state has delayed, and the Sex Discrimination Act was presently restricted in its capability to actively address the difficulty. Gender inequality in the labour power has been a concern which has expected prevalent reporting over the precedent two centuries as females have resisted conquering communal, educational, and organizational obstacles in their efforts to attain the similar chances and privileges as men within the place of work (News.com.au., 2015). The work of the labour power in the state has observed major alterations over the last three centuries as a rising number of women have been established in to the employees due to altering hurdles and opinions of the sex. Among the years of 1978 and 1996, women contribution in the employment goes up from 43.7 percent to 53.7 percent, with women being 42.99 percent of the overall employees. At first vision, thus, it may emerge that gender inequality in the personnel has been considerably decreased over the previous thirty years; but, this disagreement was far too unsophisticated and fall short to take into report the gender extend over unreliable worker kinds. One of the most considerable facets of gender inequality was the very small proportion of females in high rank, well salaried administrative sites; females symbolize only 26 percent of all directors. Whilst this would be proof for an educational alteration towards females, it would still take a long time for evolutionary modification to even up the steadiness in administrative tasks. The other major deliberation in the market was the variation in the part of full time and part time service among male and females. The percentage of engaged men in full time service was 89 % with only 11 % in part time places; thus was in disparity to the extent for working females with only 58 percent of working women working in full time places, with 42 % working part time. This could direct to the lack of confidence of the employee and the corrosion of privileges and reimbursements linked with enduring service, referring that more females belong to the marginal collection of workers rather than the privileged hub. A last important subject that women facade in the market was re-entering the personnel after departing for paternity causes. A current learning into the causes for stopping last full time employments establish that 63 % of women left on their own agreement, evaluate with only 38 % of men who left enthusiastically, with motherly discussions being a leader issue. In the opinionated field, although the state had its first women prime minister, females were still revoltingly suppressed in the assembly. Over the previous 30 years, women depiction in the assembly has enlarged. While there has been a large contract of expression from both surface of government about the pre assortment of female applicants and concerns such as quotas, their depiction in both centralized and state political affairs was tranquil excessively short. In spite the misleading numbers of females in the state political affairs, the lawful vote of Julia Gillard to the position of Prime Minister in 2010 display the general sight of the states public towards women within biased community. Not only has a female administered to ascend to the peak function in states political affairs, after Governor General, but she was also a female alive in a de facto association. The approval of a female living with a collaborator in a non-marital association displays important steps onward for gender bias in the states community. Though, in spite this, the fact that her de facto association turn out to be nationwide news during the election campaign observes that the community still observes subject with the matter. At the same time as there were far less instances of unconcealed gender-based prejudice in the state, the advancement towards accurate gender equality has evidently delayed (Jericho, 2015). The major obstacles within the state to accomplish gender based equality was methodical gender based prejudice, distinct as performances which were been immersed into the associations and arrangement of the states community which have a prejudiced result. Instances of such prejudice have been sketched above such as the space among females and males proceeds due to rigid work areas, and schemes which overlook sex discrimination and sexual harassment. In spite the fact that the state did put world examples in accepting females as expensive associate of civilization, tackling these disparities was the major manner in which the state could move towards having accurate sex parity (Alcorn, 2016). The Act which grants effect to the states worldwide human rights duties under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, which has played an major role in altering societal approaches and serving advance sex equality in this country. In spite this advancement, females and girls persist to practice disparity and biasness in many imperative sections of their life which could restrict the options and occasions obtainable to them. Gender inequality endures in the region of the state, undermining financial development, human growth and scarcity diminution. Gender fairness and allowing women has been revealed to contribute to development, growth and steadiness. Brutality against women demoralizes a countrys collective basics and averts women from attaining societal and financial fairness. Better educated women have smaller amount, recovered and better educated children, which decreases addiction weights and augment investments in developing countries (Hunt, 2016). Granting female farmers with equivalent access to assets could decrease hunger for an additional 150 million individuals. In conflict circumstances, women were often influential in brokering traced and could help to bring more permanent calm. The Australian Government has a persistent and continuing promise to be at the vanguard of hard work to endorse gender impartiality and the empowerment of women and girls, chiefly in the Indo-Pacific region (Lang, 2016). The Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment policy makes it obvious that gender equality and womens empowerment were an integral element of the overseas rules, fiscal negotiation and assist job of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission, 2008). The Government was devoted to intensification the capacity to connect in policy discoursement in the Indo- Pacific region and internationally and proceeding the international status as a international head on sex parity and womens empowerment. This strategy institutes three main concerns that direct the work on gender equality: Enhancing females influence in making decisions, management and building peace; Endorsing females financial empowerment; Finishing brutality against females and girls. Accomplishment of this gender policy was underpinned by four promises, the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade would incorporate gender equality and womens empowerment into: States foreign plan; For employment speculation and financial international relations; Devote in sex parity through states development agenda; Entrust to encourage gender equality in the commercial and human resource rules and performances. The state has made gender equality and womens empowerment one of six precedence regions for speculation in the assist agenda. The proof was apparent gender equality was grave to growth. State endows in embattled curriculums to endorse gender equality and womens empowerment where there were determined disputes and development towards gender equality has been measured (Chun, 2016). In addition, all support savings, no issue what their aims, were requisite to successfully address gender equality and womens empowerment, with an relieve agenda aim needing more than 80% of savings to do so efficiently. Though, time and time again it has been found out that the mere subsistence of the inequality has been protected. Gradually consciousness of subject for women in the state was critical for the improvement in gender equality. The current HEROC journal, Gender Equality Gender Blueprint 2010, which recognizes that while it materialize that females have fair chances as males in the state community presently; great disparities persist to succeed, chiefly when the overall figures were inspected over a individuals lifetime. It was significant to turn out to be recognizable with the superior matters, particularly for those who would be inclined to be leaped to the judgment that the state must have attained fairness, if on a micro scale, there emerges to be no disparity among males and females in community. Workplace gender equality was attained when individuals were able to contact and enjoy the same plunders, possessions and chances in spite of their sex. The state, along with other states globally, has made major development towards gender equality in present centuries, chiefly in edification, fitness and women employee contribution. On the other hand, the gender breach in the employees was motionlessly rife where women persist to receive less than males, and was less likely to precede their job as far as males, and gather less retreat or superannuation investments. At the same time, men have less admittance to family-friendly rules such as departure or bendable operational preparations than females. The objective of gender equality in the workplace was to attain generally equivalent results for females and males, not essentially results that were precisely the identical for all. To attain this desires: Employments to grant equivalent forfeit for job of equivalent or similar worth; Exclusion of restrictions to the full and equivalent contribution of females in the employees; Admission to all jobs and businesses, as well as management functions, in spite of sex; and Removal of unfairness on the foundation of gender, chiefly in connection to family and thoughtful duties (Khadem, 2015). Attaining gender equality was significant for workplaces not only as it was fair and the privilege thing to do, but as it was also connected to a countrys overall financial presentation. Workplace gender equality was connected with: Enhanced nationwide efficiency and financial development; Augmented organizational acts; Improved ability of corporations to attract talent and retain workers; Improved managerial status. The appearance of feminism has lifted many issues in the regulation of global kindred. Feminists have confronted civilization ideas and understanding of what were earlier supposed to be gender neutral ideas. In order to inspect gender division within a state, firstly a person should know what has been meant by gendered division of labour. As per Enloe it has been referred to the relations among governments depends not only on capital and weaponry but also on the power of females as signs, clients, and employees (Workplace Gender Equality Agency, 2014). The gendered division of labour was positively apparent throughout community and feminists would assert that this was not a usual stipulation based on disparity of sex but rather an effect of community training which all through history has been circulated by males for their advantage (Liveris, 2016). The significance to worldwide politics was that to some amount, worldwide politics has fashioned and effect this division. Whilst it would be inexperienced to propose that there was no gendered division of labour, It would proposed that this was not the outcome of a effected patriarchy forced solely by males. Females, in stating their gender individuality seek manners in which to reinforce their gender identity. In being feminine, females have reacted to usual natures to act in a womanly manner. Opposing to feminist philosophy, It would be proposed that rather than males forcing females to act in some manners and take for granted certain functions during community, this was the manner females want to be. The socialization of females has affected their function in community as being weaker but to some extent this was as females want to be seen as being weaker. Females desire parity but uniformly, they want males to be familiar with their femaleness and the conventional desires that arise from this. Presumptuous this was factual; the keeping out of females from places of authority was just as much an outcome of the events of females as it was males. Until men make particular desires from females to declare their manliness, or females discontinue expecting males to be deferent to them, gender divisions of labour will continue to propagate equally in society and international politics (Australian Public Service Commission, 2016). A clear gendered division of labour was obvious in both the quantitative and qualitative outcomes. In general, the review consequently demonstrates that males and females have very alike workloads with both expenses about 77 to 79 hours per week in paid and unpaid job. The key dissimilarity among males and females was that males undertake the bulk of paid work while females undertake the bulk of unpaid job. A study was conducted by EY and I was found out that employing more productive female employees in flexible functions in the state could collectively save at least $1.4 billion in wasted wages (EY, 2013). So, it could be concluded that although Australia has been a country which has been making a lot of attempts to bring on gender equality but still not there were some things which were still lacking in bringing the level equal. Though more and more female have started being recruited by the corporations in the work of production but then also the females have been paid less than men. Therefore, there has been a decrease in inequality but no increase in equality. References Alcorn, G.(2016) Australians are being told that gender inequality is the root cause of domestic violence. But is it?. [Online] The Guardian. Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/feb/19/australians-are-being-told-that-gender-inequality-is-the-root-cause-of-domestic-violence-but-is-it [Accessed on 9/11/16] Australian Human Rights Commission. (2016) Gender Equality.[Online] Australian Human Rights Commission. Available from: https://www.humanrights.gov.au/education/face-facts/face-facts-gender-equality [Accessed on 9/11/16] Australian Public Service Commission. (2016) Balancing the future: The Australian Public Service gender equality strategy 2016-19. [Online] Australian Government. Available from: https://www.apsc.gov.au/publications-and-media/current-publications/gender-equality-strategy [Accessed on 9/11/16] Chun, J. (2016) Gender inequality still an issue in the workplace. [Online] Career FAQs. Available from: https://www.careerfaqs.com.au/news/news-and-views/gender-inequality-still-an-issue-in-the-workplace [Accessed on 9/11/16] Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. (2016) Australia's assistance for gender equality. [Online] Australian Government. Available from: https://dfat.gov.au/aid/topics/investment-priorities/gender-equality-empowering-women-girls/gender-equality/Pages/australias-assistance-for-gender-equality.aspx [Accessed on 9/11/16] Espinola, R. (2011) Gender equality in Australia what are the issues?. [Online] Online Opinion. Available from: https://www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=12262 [Accessed on 9/11/16] (2013) Increasing female workforce participation the key to boosting Australias productivity. [Online] EY. Available from: https://www.ey.com/au/en/newsroom/news-releases/increasing-female-workforce-participation [Accessed on 9/11/16] Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. (2008) Gender equality: What matters to Australian women and men. [Online] Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. Available from: https://www.humanrights.gov.au/sites/default/files/content/sex_discrimination/listeningtour/ListeningTourCommunityReport.pdf [Accessed on 9/11/16] Hunt, E. (2016) Gender inequality is a problem, say 69% of young Australian women. [Online] The Guardian. Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/oct/11/gender-inequality-is-a-problem-say-69-of-young-australian-women [Accessed on 9/11/16] Jericho, G. (2015) In most areas, Australian women are getting a much worse deal than men. [Online] The Guardian. Available from: https://www.theguardian.com/business/grogonomics/2015/feb/27/in-any-area-australian-women-are-getting-a-much-worse-deal-than-men [Accessed on 9/11/16] Joo, S. (2016) How Can Australia Achieve True Gender Equality?. [Online] Student Edge. Available from: https://studentedge.com.au/article/how-can-australia-achieve-true-gender-equality [Accessed on 9/11/16] Khadem, N. (2015) If women want to reduce the gender pay gap, they have to fight for it. [Online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available from: https://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/if-women-want-to-reduce-the-gender-pay-gap-they-have-to-fight-for-it-20151126-gl8kaq.html [Accessed on 9/11/16] Lang, K. (2016) Workplace gender inequality is real. Why do men deny that?. [Online] The Daily Telegraph. Available from: https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/rendezview/workplace-gender-inequality-is-real-why-do-men-deny-that/news-story/dd2aa05e39244708f592cd74d6db6e02 [Accessed on 9/11/16] Liveris,C. (2016) Closing the gender pay gap wont just help women. Itll help men too. [Online] the Daily Telegraph. Available from: https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/rendezview/closing-the-gender-pay-gap-wont-just-help-women-itll-help-men-too/news-story/636e749938addae84f2c719075df7cc2 [Accessed on 9/11/16] News.com.au. (2015) Workplace gender equality scorecard puts Australia to shame. [Online] News.com.au. Available from: https://www.news.com.au/finance/work/careers/workplace-gender-equality-scorecard-puts-australia-to-shame/news-story/c9113875f1b0ce7d8e0d41c646c23370 [Accessed on 9/11/16] Relationships Australia. (2016) March 2016: Gender inequality. [Online] Relationships Australia. Available from: https://www.relationships.org.au/what-we-do/research/online-survey/march-2016-gender-inequality [Accessed on 9/11/16] Workplace Gender Equality Agency. (2014) Parenting, work and the gender pay gap. [Online] Australian Government. Available from: https://www.wgea.gov.au/sites/default/files/2014-03-04_PP_Pay_Gap_and_Parenting.pdf [Accessed on 9/11/16] Workplace Gender Equality Agency. (2016) About workplace gender equality. [Online] Australian Government. Available from: https://www.wgea.gov.au/learn/about-workplace-gender-equality [Accessed on 9/11/16]

The Beginning Of World War II Essays (2279 words) -

The Beginning of World War II At daybreak on the first day of September, 1939, the residents of Poland awakened to grave news. A juggernaut force of tanks, guns, and countless grey-clad soldiers from nearby Germany had torn across the countryside and were making a total invasion of the Pole's homelands. Germany's actions on that fateful morning ignited a conflict that would spread like a wildfire, engulfing the entire globe in a great world war. This scenario is many people's conception of how World War II came about. In reality, the whole story is far more detailed and complex. The origins of war can be traced as far back as the end of the first World War in 1919, when the Treaty of Versailles placed responsibility for that terrible war squarely on Germany. Years later, in the Far East, Japanese ambition for territory led the nation to invade Manchuria and other parts of nearby China, causing hostilities to flare in the Pacific Rim. Great Britain, the United States, and many other nations of the world would all be drawn into battle in the years to come, and each nation had it's own reason for lending a hand in the struggle. Although Germany was the major player in World War II, the seeds of war had already been planted in the Far East years before conflict in Europe. On September 18, 1931, the powerful Japanese military forces began an invasion of the region known as Manchuria, an area belonging to mainland China. This action broke non-aggression treaties that had been signed earlier. It also was carried out by Japanese generals without the consent of the Japanese government. In spite of this, no one was ever punished for the actions. Soon after the assault on China, the Japanese government decided it had no choice but to support the occupation of Manchuria. By the next year the region had been completely cut off from China (Ienaga 60-64). Because of the Japanese offensive in China, the League of Nations held a vote in October to force Japan out of the captured territory. The vote was passed, 13 to 1, but Japan remained in control of Manchuria. A second vote, taken in February, 1933, a formal disapproval of the Japanese occupation, was passed 42 to 1. Instead of expelling Japan from the area of Manchuria, it caused the nation to formally withdraw it's membership in the League of Nations the next month (Ienaga 66). Now unrestrained by the recommendations of the League of Nations, Japan continued it's intrusion onto Chinese soil. By 1937 Japan had moved military forces into Beijing, Shanghai, and Nanjing, as well as other regions of China. By 1940, Japanese seizure of territory had spread to deep inside Southeast Asia and even parts of Australia (Sutel et al). Also in 1940, the Triparte Pact was signed, allying Japan, Germany, and Italy into a powerful force that stretched halfway around the planet. The association with Hitler and Germany unified the war in the Pacific and the war in Europe. Japan was now fully involved in what came to be known as World War II. As warfare raged in the Pacific Rim, a chain of events was unfolding that would produce catastrophic results. The Treaty of Versailles of 1919 held Germany fully accountable for the tragedy of World War I. The nation was stripped of large areas of land, it's armaments, as well as it's dignity. In addition, the reparations that were to be paid to the allied nations virtually destroyed the economy of Germany. The resentment of the treaty burned in the hearts and minds of Germans for years afterward. In 1933, a man by the name of Adolf Hitler was elected Chancellor of Germany after working his way up the ladder of government. By speaking against the Treaty of Versailles and making promises of a better life to the German people, Hitler gained the support of his fellow countrymen, and he easily won the election. Almost immediately after Hitler took office he began securing his position in power. Hitler took steps to eliminate all opposition, including political parties and anyone else who spoke out against him. The death of President Hindenburg in 1934 clinched

How to Keep Your Students Thinking

How to Keep Your Students Thinking Free Online Research Papers The popularity of Globalization of Education in the Philippines advances various ways to align our existing educational system with the world. It will eventually open a channel that will benefit our education in a positive way, sooner than we think it is possible that in the future we will begin to gauge our curriculum according to world standard. There is no way but to go forward to the Globalization – If we want to survive in a very competitive world. The Enhancement of curriculum in Nursing when CHED discontinue its plan to adopt another year in nursing through CHED memorandum no. 5 signifies that our government are taking steps to upgrade our educational system. Revisions done in the nursing curriculum were measures to align our nursing graduates to that of other developed countries. How are we going to prepare our students for the globalization and advancement in our educational system? Teachers play a vital role in training their students as globally competitive. Teachers must be adept in inventing various methodologies on how to make their students develop critical thinking. It will prepare the students to embrace changes in their curriculum in a positive way because they are armored with such knowledge. While we are preparing to compete our students globally we must bear in mind that we cannot do it if educators are not globally competitive as well. Educators are the facilitator of learning in the school , as a first step , educators must be adept and aligned with the goal. Methodologies must be modified to suit the calling of the world standard. One effective way to enhance learning inside the classroom is to encourage critical thinking among students during classroom discussions. The classic format of lecturing wherein the teacher is the primary source of knowledge is not an effective way if we are to develop critical thinking. During lengthy lectures, students are most of the time just listen to the teacher and write whatever they hear even though it is not fully understood. Learning through listening is limited because only your sense of hearing was used and retention of learning according to studies is very limited too in comparison to other forms of learning that involves critical thinking. Critical thinking is enhanced when teachers involved their students in classroom discussions. There are guidelines to follow to initiate this. As a teacher begin with yourself first , begin the course or the lecture with a question or questions that help you to understand what students are thinking: in this way you can bridge the gap between your idea and theirs and you will determine where to begin to facilitate the discussion meaningful for both parties. Research Papers on How to Keep Your Students ThinkingStandardized TestingThe Project Managment Office SystemOpen Architechture a white paperDefinition of Export QuotasPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Spring and AutumnResearch Process Part OneThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseBringing Democracy to AfricaThree Concepts of Psychodynamic

buy custom Quality Physical Education within the Primary School Years essay

buy custom Quality Physical Education within the Primary School Years essay Physical education occupies a significant weight in educating the whole scholar. Research advocates the value of progress in educating the brain and body. Physical education straight forwardly adds to growth of physical capability and vigor. It moreover aids students to create knowledgeable choices and appreciate the worth of directing a physically dynamic way of life. The advantages of physical education can impinge on both academic education and physical activity students patterns. The fit, physically energetic student is more prone to be academically inspired, attentive, and doing well. During the kindergarten and primary years, active play might be completely linked to motor aptitudes and cognitive growth. As children grow big and go through adolescence, physical activity can improve the expansion of a constructive self-concept, in addition to the talent to follow scholarly, social and emotional tests (NASPE, 1995). Standard physical activity develops efficient condition and limits disability throughout the middle and afterward maturity years. The products of a quality physical education program comprise the maturity of students physical capability, health-associated strength, confidence, and general satisfaction of physical activity. These results allow students to act upon knowledgeable decisions and alternatives about managing a physically energetic lifestyle. In premature years, children obtain enjoyment from movement feelings and undergo challenge and delight as they perceive a rising skill in their movement capacity. Evidence advises that the degree of involvement, the level of skills, and the weight of activities indulged in as a child, directly impacts the point to which children are prone to continue participating in physical activity as a grownup people. Regular bodily activity is connected to a better, longer life, in addition to a lesser possibility of heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and some types of cancer. Recent suggestions are for kids to participate in a minimum of 60 minutes of physical activity every day. Children use up more than half their day in school, thus it is rational to necessitate that they should acquire at least 30 minutes of that time at school. Physical education ought to be a significant fraction of that obligation, and does a lot more than supply some minutes of moderate-dynamic activ ity. It trains students how to incorporate exercise into their daily lives to set up a lifetime of vigorous life. Unluckily, merely 3.9% of primary, 7.8% of middle, and 2.2% of high schools offer day by day physical education for the full school year. Twenty-two percent of schools do not need students to obtain any physical education whatsoever. Given that childhood obesity rates are constantly rising in numerous nations, there exists a public advocacy for supplementary physical education in schools. The huge bulk of parents of children under the age of 18 (95%) deem physical education must be an element of a school program for all students in grades K-12 (Calfas Taylor, 1994). Quality physical education curriculums can add to the improvement of self-worth among children. Children who are more dynamic might have better social achievements and positive relations in the society. Children require numerous chances to perceive individual sensations of success and accomplishment in physical activity surroundings. Discovery of different movement potentials, contribute to senses of delight and completion. Research recommends that immature children acquire via active participation with the stuff of their world. Children in primary school obtain information through physical examination of their setting. Physical education might offer children some learning experiences indispensable to the structure of intellectual systems. Children create further efficient schemes by physically engaging with their environment. Quality physical education agendas smooth the progress of discovery of movement in a range of frameworks that improve knowledge acquirement (NASPE, 1999). During the primary years, the physical education plan stresses the growth of basic locomotors, non-locomotors, and scheming skills throughout the major content parts of educational games, dance, and aerobics. The movement structure, (i.e., body, space, attempt, and association) is as well a share of the essential substance, and is the root for growing, expanding, and improving childrens selection of motor skills and consciousness. Quality coaching by physical education experts is important, if children are to evolve basic motor patterns (e.g. jump, skip, catch, and kick etc.). The motor skill groundwork set up all through the primary grades, are able to augment childrens social, cognitive and bodily progress, and moreover boost the probability of sustained interest and partaking in physical activity. Fitness at primary grades is backed by an affluent experience in many central movement outlines. According to NASPE, high quality physical educational programs should enhance the physical mental and social/emotional development of every child and incorporate fitness education and assessment to help children understand, improve and maintain their physical well-being. Any legislation and/or regulation to promote quality physical education should consider the following: %uF0B7 necessitate all school regions to expand and put into practice a deliberate, chronological physical education prospectus k-12 that holds to ntional and state principles for fitness and physical education; %uF0B7 employ a physical education director at the state level to offer resources and provide Back-up to school regions across every state; %uF0B7 include demands for health, cognitive, and emotional appraisal in physical education that are strongly related to student development and knowledge achievement; %uF0B7 guarantee that curriculums comprise suitable equipment and sufficient indoor and outdoor amenities; %uF0B7 require that scholars are dynamic in moderate-strong physical activity for the suggested amount of time; %uF0B7 prohibit replacements for physical education with other sports such as varsity activities; %uF0B7 disallow students to avoid physical education to arrange for other classes or regular tests; and %uF0B7 embrace physical education for graduation, and include the physical education grade as an element of students comprehensive GPA. Inclusive Physical Education - Disability Inclusive physical education is identified as a non-biased practices, when students settings involve variations in skill levels, cultures and sex. In this segment, the main concentration is on disability. Inclusive physical education instructors recognize and advocate diversity amongst students and struggle to steer clear of students outlook secluded. Quality physical teachers are open to diversity and acknowledge all students involvement as a challenge. Physical education tutors should be supplied with compound and repeated opportunities to comprehend more concerning disability. Additionally, conjecture on models and concepts of pedagogy of special needs students underwent in pre-service training, should be subsequent to convenient experiences for novice teachers in schools. The converse of inclusive physical education, is the anticipation that children are required to incorporate (adapt and fit in) to prearranged principles. Comprehensive program in physical education is an active practice. Delivery and assessment of diverse students requirements change continuously. Direction should be seized from partnership with numerous factors. The partnerships must engage expression, teamwork and appraisal. Knowledge about wants can be acquired from two sources: the various experts (students and parents) and private experience. Collaboration, teamwork and peripheral support methods are fundamental to effective inclusive delivery. There is a prominent requirement for physical instructors to react to personal needs and modify evaluation to appreciate how successful this feedback has been. This is not so easy. The exact challenge resides in completely accepting child-focused experiences. Strength, equilibrium, skills and synchronization can be enhanced in children with disabilities. The Early Childhood Activity-Based Approach In this model, the teacher expands ability-fitting objectives for young people. The objectives are rooted in a selection of play-focused activities. Children are free to move at their own speed, however the environment, including inquiries on when, where and how to progress arbitrated by the educator. The approach comprehends that children gain best knowledge via acting and responding to their bodily and social setting. In this representation, the teacher is a follower, and the children are the leaders. Personal objects and goals can be located in the activities the kids self-choose. Helping with the learning process in children with disabilities, widens further than just playing. Inclusions should reflect experiences in regular determined recreations. Teachers fabricate inspiring movement settings and profit from natural play in order to attain wanted objectives. Accommodating instead of challenging experiences might be anticipated. Achievement is perceived via collaborative work, thus to realize common goals, acknowledging everyones hard work, and constructively employing all members. It is deemed improper to disallow students with special needs the privilege to partake in physical education. For instance, children with visual destructions may possibly completely participate, when handed over beeper balls, or beeper marks, or different surfaced items. An assortment of suitable age activities might be of a great supply for students with vision impairment, thus bringing about opportunities of feeling included, strength and certainty. Casual and shallow contact with disabled students will more probably lead to prejudice than into routine true associations. Well equipped and intended inclusion, is more liable to produce true contacts amongst students, than a more random attitude to students with varied needs. Inclusion agenda purposes may encompass; student reception of skill abilities of others, constructive teaching settings, effectivenness in accommodating assignments, self-determined ability development and constant support of practiced assistance. Other Obstacles impeding quality physical education Physical education is commanded to make up 7-11% of core curriculum time, however, nowadays, provision is hardly ever implemented. Research has revealed a wide selection of obstacles and issues, which affect the amount and eminence of PE and sport agendas within elementary schools. These barriers subsist mostly because the release of PE generally depends on classroom educators.. With the foreword of the My School website, a serious prominence has been set on enhancing numeracy and literacy, hence this weight will persist on building up, as teachers endeavor to fulfill the requirements of the novel National prospectus. With this growing pressure, it is ordinary for a minor stress to be dedicated to PE aspect. Researchers discovered that Elementary educators frequently exclude the compulsory PE hours from their week. In consequence of feeling forced or urged by the curriculum degree and weight, in addition to their lack of know-how and aptitude to lecture the useful part of the PDHPE p rogram. An expert PE instructor would be a perfect move to guarantee apt and rational balance between PE and further emphases (Barton, Fordyce, Kirby, 1999). In a current study of elementary teachers, it was noticed and discovered that many were incapable of incorporating the obligatory hours across all focus areas, with the majority of participants declaring that PE was the first to be impacted. There is a selection of additional causes affecting our educators, and involve a deficit in their assurance to edify PE, a shortage of time, poor amenities, insufficient resources, and diminished levels of concern in PE. The scarce sporting capital accessible in elementary schools, merged with the shortage in proficiency to expand and execute lessons, is always a constant distress. Numerous instructors depend on their individual school experiences with PE and sport, thus their own coaching of PE is a representation of their recollections, whether good or bad, rather than from the information acquired in skilled pre-service teaching. Specialized PE teachers endure four years of extensive training to make sure they possess the necessary skills and aptitude to offer quality PE to our children. Teachers have always resisted the notions of the conventional PE process which is mainly stresses on skills. The lack of self-assurance they undergo in teaching skills, and their perceptions of meagerness with their own physical competence, negatively affect their capability to supply quality teaching in such field. Nevertheless, with the inauguration of modern approaches to teaching in PE, like Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU), and Game Sense (GS), we presently embrace a method, which is likely more pleasurable, equally for teachers and scholars, and furthermore one that adheres to the principles of the quality teaching and learning structure. Action Plan for Quality PE Curricular lessons for all students (K-12) for at least 150 minutes per a weekly basis. Competent, passionate teachers. Well designed lessons including a broad selection of activities. A high degree of involvement by all students in every session and class. A stress on fun, satisfaction, success, impartiality, self-realization and personal wellbeing. Suitable activities for the age and phase of each student. Activities that improve cardiovascular schemes, muscular vigor, endurance and suppleness. A participation-oriented intramural agenda. Inventive and safe use of amenities and tools. Quality physical education is offered to all students in primary and middle youth for a bare minimum of 150 minutes every week. Physical education agendas accentuate enjoyment and assist students in growing assurance, in addition to facilitating knowledge, behavior and skill expansion that will result in a long-term physical activity patterns. Responsibility measures are recognized to make sure schools abide by time and curriculum obligations. Sufficient budgets are distributed to physical education programs and resources. The process of preserving physical activity or physical education time as a kind of penalty is banned. Opportunities are obtainable for all students, apart from gender or aptitude level to be involved in extramural programs and activities that bring about the practice of physical literacy skills to physical activity Physical and fitness teaching are required subjects. Offer regular knowledge expansion chances to PE teachers, which related to the field in particular, and hence needs teachers to remain up-to-date on rising technologies, programs, and teaching processes. Physical activity adds to the quality of life, mental wellbeing, and the capability to fulfill physical work requirements. Physical education is able to act as a medium for aiding students widen the knowledge, approaches, motor skills, conducts, and self-assurance required to accept and retain a bodily dynamic standard of living. Therefore, physical activity must be seriously regarded and constantly incorporated in every aspect of our daily life. Buy custom Quality Physical Education within the Primary School Years essay

Assignment 4 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

4 - Assignment Example The system should use certain productivity parameters such as the turn-around time for each customer, the number of orders processed per sales person and the amount of revenue generated based on each contact. Being a new system, the marketing manager has to engage a specialist who can design an entity relation structure to implement the productivity rating functions. The design should take care of the flow of data and the processes involved. The specialist has to identify the components of the data flow of the organization before designing a data flow diagram. The entities include processes, external entities, data flow and the data store. The processes in this case are the orders, each of which has an order number, the order description, date, sales person and the amount involved. Data flow here is the link between order process and reporting of the daily sales (Shelly & Rosenblatt 200). Data store includes the information about the sales staff, for example name, Identification numb er, staff reference number and the department name. External processes relates to the integration between Pier Systems Inc. and the manufacturing and production system. The reporting of the processed information will combine data from multiple entities, for example a combination between sales person’s details and the products. ... This will enable him to link the processes to design a relationship diagram that will link all entities and processes together. From the onset of the design process, it’s simple to know how the system will function, and the possible data output to expect. The processes in this system will include product search, location search, order request, order payments and order reporting. The data in this system will majorly consist of product data and location data. The data store will be a database of products and the chain stores, which of course in a relational database have data relations. The link or integration between the processes comes in the area of payment, where the system integrates data from the products and links with the payment module. A proper functioning system has to integrate all processes in a way that there is consistency in data access, processing and reporting. While Harry is assessing the feasibility of the system, he needs to consider performance aspects such as the ease of accessibility of the information during the browsing process. Each data entity has unique identification schemes such as the use of foreign keys and the primary keys. Answer to Question 3 This is a case experiment of cloning of a single organization into two organizations A and B. The two organizations have common features apart from the fact that A has more intangible elements X than B. The observer will of course, identify distinct observations between organizations A and B. An example of observations that can represent X in the two organizations is the qualitative features such as the customer service delivery quality. It therefore implies that organization A has more attributes of customer service

Insanity plea Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Insanity plea - Research Paper Example Of importance to note is that, a person is liable to have committed crime when he or she has committed an illegal act, and or intended to commit an illegal act such as murder, stealing rape among other heinous acts (Anderson and Gardner 52). Simply, the issue of insanity does not revolve around the diagnosis that the accused undergoes but rather the impact that it might have caused on his or her ability to do specific things at the said time when there was an alleged criminal act. Hence, the Law stipulated that it is the relevant factor revolves around a person ability to do a specific thing but not the diagnosis symptoms that are affiliated to him or her (Brooks and Brakel 10). The defense of insanity is only present when a court absolutely declares that there is the absence or present of legal insanity in that the defendant being sane, but also having a medical disease or defect to extent of not being able to resist committing a given criminal act (Brooks and Brakel 12). ... In any court proceeding where the accused is thought of being insane or an insanity defense is found necessary, the accused begins by admitting that he or she committed the crime before a panel of a jury or judges. The lawyer then takes up the case of the accused by convincing the judges that the accused or defendant should not be held responsible for the alleged crime because he or she was mentally incapacitated as at when crime was committed. Thus, the lawyer tries to get the judges convinced as they give their verdict, to give consideration on the state of mind of the defendant objectively as they lay down their description of the victims in a given case (Fersch 2). History of Insanity Defense Pre –McNaughton At present, the defense put upon insanity is confirmatory, meaning that the defendant is at liberty to argue that they are ‘insane’. In case they are confirmed to be insane, the elements of the case are automatically null and void. Never the less, the defe ndant must be in a position to prove the ‘insanity defense; through a comprehensible and persuasive evidence (Worrall and Siegel 62). The argument for an insanity defense over centuries has been alleged as immoral especially when the person being punished is not responsible for their criminal behavior. It further argues that if a person is unconscious of what he or she is doing at the time when the crime is committed then that person is not reliable for the act (Worrall and Siegel 62). According to Pre -McNaughton rule on insanity, three main phases are used to test the phenomenon. They include; â€Å"the good and evil test†, â€Å"the wild beast test†, and â€Å"the right and wrong test† (Worrall and

Human Sexuality Essay Example for Free

Human Sexuality Essay Sexuality refers to concern or interest in sexual activity. On the same note, human sexuality is a term that implies sexual contact or intercourse as well as concerns in relation to the psychological and physiological features of sexual practices. Internet pornography is the on-line material that explicit sexual activities in order to stimulate profane rather than appeal feelings (Goldstein, Kant, Legal and Behavioral Institute, 1973). It is widespread, cheap, easily accessible and readily available. It bears noting that about ninety percent of pornographic information is from the internet and men are the pre-dominant internet pornography consumers. It is therefore important to study internet pornography since it presents an opportunity to directly target consumers of pornography. The aim of this paper is to show the impacts of internet pornography on individuals, our sexuality and culture as well as that of the society. Dangers of internet pornography consumption cannot be underestimated. For instance, it psychologically diminishes sexual happiness while increasing incidences of oral sex, bestiality and group sex. In addition, many sexual offenders use pornography to arouse themselves just before committing the crime. Additionally, addiction to pornography leads to both low self-esteem as well as a higher degree of tolerance to abnormal sexual behaviors. In addition, internet pornography causes men to start viewing girls and females as sex objects for their lustful sexual needs. Moreover, many young children get exposed to obscene images through internet pornography which lures them to early sexual practices. As a result, they become sexually unhealthy later in life. Among the teenagers, pornography causes poor development of sexuality (Lo Wei, 2005). Pornography causes higher marital infidelity, likelihood of divorce, separation and devaluation of monogamy. On the same note, it causes sexual dissatisfaction as well as debasing thousands of women. Additionally, women who are involved in pornography production suffer both direct and indirect adverse effects. Moreover, children whose parents consume pornography encounter decreased parental attention and financial strain. These consequences expose such children to lifelong traumatic emotional responses and early onset of sexual intercourse which may lead to increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases. Internet pornography is a social problem that is widespread as it comes with drug addiction. This makes an individual to develop a weakened ability for a meaningful social life. Consumers of internet pornography may sexually molest children as they seek to satisfy their sexual gratification. Furthermore, it causes imitative harm by modeling crimes such as rape which are imitated by offenders. It also harms the moral standards of the community and offends the credibility of the victims of sexual abuse. Besides, indulgence in internet pornography results in more a more sexually dominating behavior in men. In addition, women and girls loose a healthy self-image when they see their husbands and fathers watching pornography. To add to the bargain, internet promotes distortion of minds of young people breeding them into future rapists, sex addicts and homosexuals (Slade, 2001). According to current research, internet pornography presents human sexuality and culture in ways that are distorted and morally wrong. It disrespects the dignity of humans and by acting as a sexist and corroding their conscience. In addition, this vice has affected the lives of people distorting their conceptions on sex and sexuality (Lo Wei, 2005). Based, on the adverse effects of internet pornography, various concerns have been raised in relation to this. There is also the need to protect the purity and innocence of children for a better future. Besides, it is important that parents evaluate the exposure of their children to internet pornography. It is evident that repeated exposure to internet pornography increases prevalence of deviant sexual behavior to an individual as well as distorting the society, culture and perceptions on sexuality. In order to curb this, internet pornography should be censored.

Bamboo :: Botany

Bamboo Gramineae, the grass family, has provided civilization throughout history with a bounty of food and many other uses. The top three economically important plants of the world are grasses: wheat corn, and rice. Human kind probably would not have survived if not for the grasses. The sub-family Bambusoideae, is certainly no exception. These are the bamboos. Consisting of 75 genera and over 1000 species, these unique plants have played a diverse and important role in the development of society, as we know it today. Morphology The bamboo plant is constructed of a system of segmented axes. This is depicted by the regular internodal lengths and prominent nodes (McClure 10). They resemble telescoping antennas, but at a constant diameter. The culm is the above ground stem, this is what is used for most all of the many applications. The culm is woody and either hollow or solid, however most species exhibit some degree of hollowness. The length and thickness of the culm varies greatly between species. Some species can get as tall as 130 feet and be more than a foot in diameter--these have been reported to grow at nearly two inches each hour (Hanke 291). Indeed this would be impressive to see, definitely not like the grasses most of us are familiar with. Branches, also segmented. arise from the culm. Upon the branches are to be found leaves, with petioles. The fact that the leaves have petioles helps to set the bamboos apart from the other grasses. The leaves and young shoots are the parts eaten by Pandas. The Panda subsists on no other plant or food source. Bamboos alone keep them going strong. More on that later. New culms, or shoots, are produced from an extensive rhizome system. Simply, rhizomes are modified stems, usually growing underground (Fig. 1). The rhizomes cause the "clump habit" of growth exhibited by the bamboos. "Clump habit" refers to the culms growing in close proximity to each other, such as a "tuft of grass", so to speak. There are basically two types of rhizomes'. pachymorph and leptomorph. Most species exhibit both, to a greater or lesser degree. Pachymorph rhizomes are very compact. They are associated with autumnal growth and produce a dense clump of culms. Leptomorph rhizomes, associated with spring growth, spread a little more. than pachymorph, in some cases a lot more. In other words they are responsible for the lateral growth of a given stand, or clump, of a bamboo species.

Media †Gaga and Audience Study Essay

Lady Gaga is beyond just a modern pop star; she is a product as well. From literally selling singles, albums and concert tickets, Lady Gaga is also selling herself as a brand. She is a media construct who is artificial and created for a specific target audience in the effort for the maximum commercial gain. Her ‘Little Monsters’ are the ‘buyers’ in the product and purchaser relationship and they not only buy into the idea of her as an artist but also as an icon and a brand. Her brand and image is established in several ways through her design including how she portrays herself as a modern pop package and her personality. She spreads awareness of herself through market and promotion including social media and music videos in order to maintain a convincing relationship to her fans. There are three main parties involved with this relationship Gaga has with her fans. First of all, her record label, Interscope who signed her in 2007 are part of a conglomerate, Universal Music hence they have identified her as a way to make a financial return on their investment and look to benefit from this relationship financially. Secondly, Lady Gaga is another party in this relationship. She also similarly benefits financially as well as being able to live her dream and passion of music or at least that is hat she is trying to portray. Lastly, her ‘Little Monsters’ are the last party involved. Made up predominately of teenagers to mid 30’s and also the gay community, they benefit from contributing to her success and ultimately finding joy and happiness from this. The main aim of the relationship is to maximise the commercial success from increasing sales of her physical products. Her design is a way in which Lady Gaga endeavours to establish and maintain a relationship with her audience. Two main aspects of her design include how she is a modern pop package and her personality while others include her look, religious cult figure and her name. A modern pop package refers to how Gaga produces music within the pop bracket but also how she follows international and local trends in terms of fashion or technology. This is an effective way for Gaga to create the relationship with her audience because of several benefits of a modern pop package. Firstly, pop music reaches out to a large audience not only on Top 40 music stations but in mainstream media in general. As a result there is an increase in appeal from a wider audience allowing the relationship to occur on a wider scale. Secondly, because the target age demographic for pop music would be the 15-35 age group and they have the most income available to spend on entertainment, she is able to maximise sales hence financial return for herself and her record label. In general pop music refers to music that deals with typical topics like love or fame or having fun. Gaga’s debut single, ‘Just Dance’ is an example of her work to show how she fits into this genre of music. It speaks about being free, having a good time reinforcing this idea that pop music is usually made for listening ple asure as opposed to real craft or message sending and ‘Just Dance’ certainly fits into the category. An increasing part of a modern pop package is appealing genuine and authentic to their fans and ensuring them that the relationship is genuine. Personality is another aspect of her design that enables Gaga to have a relationship with her fans. Her personality refers to her portrayal of herself to be genuine and that she really cares about her fans. The way in which she advocates difference is a main method in which she does this. This allows her to develop the relationship because by making individuals feel included and important, fans then feel that they need to repay her by giving her unconditional support. Examples of this would be at her concert in Auckland where she sings Happy Birthday to one of her fans, Minisha. She took the effort to learn the correct pronunciation of her name and this shows the audience how she really cares about them individually. Another example would be when Gaga ask the girls, â€Å"How short are your skirts? † This again allows hr to develop the relationship by making her fans believe that she is genuine and different from other pop stars and they consequently buy into the idea of how she the perfect pop star and role model that they should support. Her design comes with several implications. Firstly, there are contrary messages from Gaga as a result of being in the modern pop bracket. While she preaches difference and the positive of being unique and different, she herself produces modern pop music. This causes a contradiction in her image and raises the idea that difference is okay if you’re still in the main bracket or if Lady Gaga says so. Another example of where this had occurred would be when a source quoted that â€Å"Gaga slams Adele all the time, even calling her a fat cow†. Adele is a modern day artist that literally promotes difference, as she is evidently larger than most other pop stars today. This may raise the idea that Gaga is becoming threatening by Adele due to the similarity in advocating difference and may be what is developing into commercial envy. Overall this implication is reflecting on Gaga’s fans because it shows that even though she advocates difference, it really doesn’t mean huge difference, just enough to appear different with the aim of financially capitalising on this idea. The way in which is advocating different also raises an implication on the music industry as a whole. It is a well known fact that unless an artist is expected to make money for the record label, they won’t be signed. This raises how they have formulas, which have proved successful in the past, and therefore how Gaga must fit into this formula This is further implications on the music industry as a whole as well. Because Gaga’s success has proven that the formula works, more and more acts are conforming to this idea of utilising a brand image of appearing different for commercial success. Another example would be One Direction. Similar to Gaga, they are also a product in the way that they are in the business of selling not only their music but also her image with a consumer driven formula. They claim to be â€Å"different from boybands past† but it is evident they have the same boy band pop music with a human driven personality similar to the likes of Backstreet Boys etc. This shows how modern day music is about trivial differences that are clearly not that much different and as long as management companies portray the image of the likes of Gaga and One Direction that they are different then the fans will believe it despite them all following the same money making formula that is truly tested throughout the years. The use of this formula raises the issue of longevity. When there is an increase in the use of the difference idea, there becomes a slight problem of repetition. If too many stars consistently advocate difference then in comparison the idea of difference doesn’t become as ground breaking and instead the new normal. Consequently, the press and also her audience may become bored of this idea of difference leading to a decline in popularity. As well as this, it again raises what the future may hold for the music industry. If teenagers are growing up yearning to be different yet the same as their idols it shows that how in the future we may e moving to an even more on sided one dimension celebrity culture where everyone is essentially the same yet trivially different to everyone else. Examples can be seen through the latest artists created through the X Factor USA especially in the Girl’s category. Similarities have been spotted between Cece Frey and Ke$ha. The way in which she is creating an animal branding to herself is incredibly similar to Ke$ha when she first began. This creates the allusion that Cece is different to her counterparts where in fact she is not as she still sings mainstream music. Gaga is known to be one of the acts to lead the way in this brand and cult establishment for fans and since her success, the X Factor is one of the singing talent shows which have followed her in doing the same thing to their contestants. A contestant with a sob story is more likely to do better than say a contestant with a quality voice. By having a story behind them, contestants can engage with their audiences and manipulate their emotions leading to them becoming more relatable to their audience. This raises how the music industry has become less about the music and rather the personality attached to it showing how it has evolved. A whole package is what budding artists need to be rather than just having the voice and in the future, people with real talent will be less represented. * Marketing and promotion is a way in which Lady Gaga spreads awareness of her design to establish and maintain the relationship she had with her fans. She achieves this in two main ways including social media and music videos, other ways are concerts, publicity stunts, merchandise and albums. Firstly modern day pop stars because of its accessibility and also how it allows direct contact between celebrities and their fans use social media widely. Twitter is a medium, which Gaga uses frequently. She was the first user to reach 10 million followers in May 2010 and had consistently been the top most viewed profile on the website. Despite sending on average 2 tweets a day, â€Å"Goodnight little monsters† is an example of a tweet which enables her to maintain this important relationship she had with her fans. Tweets like this make her fans believe they are part of her life and also that she cares about them. Consequently, fans feel special and buy into the idea of supporting her. Now, especially with the feature of Twitter with the ability to send tweets straight to mobile phones, a close bond between her and her fans is established because it makes them believe she is talking to the specially. As well as Twitter, her website is a way in which she targets her fanbase alone. It is by invite only, which is significant because it makes fans feel part of her inner circle and therefore increasing the closeness fans feel of the relationship. Also because she targets those who are different and on the fringe of society, and therefore presumed to be not included, by including them she is making sure that they feel included. She plays on the insecurity in everyone in that we have a desire to be included and therefore develops the idea she cares for the genuinely and in return should support her. Music videos are another way Gaga develops a relationship with her fans. Her music video for Telephone is a great example. 9 minutes in length, it had multiple occasions of product placement such as Wonder White Bread or HP Computers. Both of these features increase the views of her video and therefore awareness of her because it is different. The more views a music video has the more likely it will appear as a promoted video. This attracts more people that are not necessarily in her fanbase already and allows for more people to become her fans. Particularly the product placement, which turns her video into a game where people spot the different brands, views and awareness, is definitely achieved. Though product placement has a direct link to a profit motive, it also helps Gaga to develop a relationship with her fans. By promoting certain brands, her fans are more inclined to purchase them as they feel if they do they are better fans or similar to Gaga as they consume and like the same products. Meanwhile, those companies as well as Gaga are further benefiting financially from it. As well as that because her music videos are usually released to her website first rather than the likes of MTV. She is further improving the relationship because she is showing them that she really cares about them and is therefore rewarding their support with something tangible before the rest of the world. There are again several implications from her marketing and promotion. Firstly, the idea of social media pacing the way for a false relationship between idols and their fans has its own implication. The idea that an idol will reply to your tweets can be likened to a carrot analogy. The accessibility of social networking sites makes fans believe that one day they will notice them, if not today then tomorrow or the next day. This creates a false perception of the relationship fans have with Gaga. In the meantime, by using social networking sites they are freely promoting Gaga as a brand and as a product. Therefore it shows how Gaga is the one benefiting form the use of social networking financially where as the fans are being taken advantage of due to their free publicity for her. What used to be the job of management companies and what they had to pay thousands for in the past can now be done for free by her fans. Additionally, social media fosters the idea that pop stars are working for them. This is because when artists leak things like album artwork, or snippets of new songs, they automatically get feedback on social networking sites without directly asking for it and make changes accordingly. As a result, fans believe that their artist work to please them and because they are so wrapped up in the idea of them they ignore the real purpose behind the changes which is to increase sales and financial return for her record label and herself leading to manipulation of the trust between Gaga and her fans. Other pop acts such as Justin Bieber and One Direction use them in similar ways. Furthermore, there are social worries attached to this use of social media. There is a distortion of the idea that teenagers actually have this connection with their idols where in fact they haven’t. There then becomes a dependency of them on their idols with some fans even going as far as saying â€Å"Gaga saved my life† or similar claims. This is an issue due to the impacts this could have on them if their idol was to not be in the industry anymore. Besides other artists utilising social media for promotion and marketing of themselves, businesses have also followed Gaga in this way. Large businesses in New Zealand from banks such as ASB with 6300 followers to Vodafone with over 23 and a half thousand followers are beginning to capitalise on the use of social media for business also. E-commerce has become a huge part of business and more and more companies are aiming to create the relationship with their audience and target markets through these social media outlets in the effort to become more relatable and ultimately earn more sales from it. A issue becomes prominent as society becomes too over exposed to commercialisation and it becomes less about the product itself but how it’s sold to us sways whether we purchase it or not. Music videos also have their own implications. As said in an article by Jezbel. com, â€Å"If anything, he video simply amplifies what music videos have been all along: a giant commercial for an artist to sell records with† and this is more than true with Gaga but as well as selling music, music videos are also helping he sell concert tickets. Concerts are where the majority of the money is made in the modern industry due to the increase in piracy. Consequently, her music videos become promotion to her concerts and activitely act as a preview of what you can expect from her concert. An example would be the costume changes throughout her video for telephone. She changes from a telephone headpiece to a leopard print leotard. The multiple costume changes not only put into practice what she preaches but it becomes a preview of what fans can expect from her concerts which is excessive costume changes. This ultimately shows how the more physical products music artists make, the more they are just trying to increase their sales of other things in the effort to earn more money from their fans. The same conclusion could then be drawn from the latest thing of having lyric videos for singles could just be an encouragement for fans to purchase something else to increase the commercial success for artists and their labels. This raises a more significant implication of how more and more mediums are being created for fans to buy into and the impulsive buying from fans are further increasing the profits made from Gaga as a brand. Fans tend to buy merchandise and anything with their idols on them in the effort to prove they are the biggest fans and again like music, they are tangible things in which artists sell and no doubt contributed to Gaga’s $90 million dollar profit last year (according to Forbes).

Marco Polo Worships the Great Khan

Traveling from Cathay to Tinju, there is not a single page in The Travels of Marco Polo where he does not mention the Great Khan.   Whether this is a positive or a negative, the power of the Great Khan is routinely emphasized and the leader is repeatedly discussed in terms of his ability as a ruler.   . A great deal of the reason for this is that when one looks at a different culture and its history, there is a tacit avoidance of providing judgment on the way the militarism of a culture may conduct itself. Through his travels in China, Marco Polo depicts the Great Khan as a powerful, benevolent, and ambitious leader of East Asia. It is easy to see that the Great Khan had great power throughout most of China.   In chapter 4 of The Travels, Polo describes various visits to different locations in northern and southwestern China.   He states clearly that â€Å"Tibet belongs to the Great Khan, as do all the other kingdoms and provinces and regions described in this book, except only the provinces mentioned at the beginning of our book which belong to the son of Arghun† (174). In chapter 5, all places that Polo visits use the Great Khan’s paper currency and the people remain subjects of the Great Khan.   In his description of the journey from Ho-Kein-fu through Kein-ning-fu, the idea that stands out   is that â€Å"people are idolaters, subjects to the Great Khan and using paper money† because such a brief and generalized statement provides significant insight into the overriding themes of the Great Khan’s motivations. (211). However, in different areas under Khan’s rule, a unique monetary system was used.   For example, Kaindu had very unique hard currency: â€Å"They have gold in bars and weight it out by saggi; and it is valued according to its weight.   But they have no coined money bearing a stamp† (176). Ironically, in some instances, salt was used as short change currency. Traders in Tibet made an immense profit, because they could use the salt in food as well as for buying the necessities of life.   In the cities they used fragments of salt blocks in cooking and spent the unbroken blocks. However, regardless of the fact that Kaindu did not use the Great Khan’s money, the Great Khan’s influence remained strongly evident within these providences.   Kaindu was subject to the Great Khan and it was in an area known to have an abundance of pearls.   Regardless the Great Khan would not let anyone harvest pearls because he believed harvesting too many pearls would eliminate their scarcity and lead to a significant devaluation. Thus, â€Å"The Great Khan, when he has a mind, has pearls taken from it for his own use only; but no one else may take them on pain of death† (175) There was also a mountain there with a plentiful supply of turquoise which produced very fine gems but the Great Khan would not allow them to be taken except at his bidding. This would seem to indicate that the Great Khan’s brash exterior hid a very insecure interior. That is, he seemed to desire wealth and treasure as a way of propping up his own image. Allowing greater access to wealth and precious metals was, perhaps, something the Great Khan feared because it would chip away at his ‘loftiness’. (175). Marco Polo also conveys the notion that the Great Khan maintained a sense of benevolence that tempered his displays of power.   In particular, Polo’s story about Litan emphasizes this benevolence.   Tandinfu was a very large city and once a great kingdom, but the Great Khan had conquered it through force of arms.   In 1272, the Great Khan had appointed one of his barons, Litan Sangon, to hold this city and province.   However, Litan planned a monstrous act of disloyalty when he and his followers rebelled against the Great Khan in a stunning display of disobedience.   When the Great Khan discovered this, he sent his militia to confront them. When Litan was defeated, the Great Khan pardoned those who served under Litan forgave them for their trespasses and indiscretions.   Those who were pardoned never afterward displaced any disloyalty towards their great leader.   This story reflects the Great Khan’s benevolence because, unlike other leaders who would respond ruthlessly to opposition, The Great Khan instead made them into the most loyal subjects by bestowing a pardon to them. It is clear the Kubilai Khan was exceptionally ambitious and this is what made him so powerful and played a great part in allowing him to conquer most of Asia.   Polo’s description of the conquest of Manzi evokes the ambitiousness of the Great Khan.   After conquering many cities and countries, Kubilai was still not satisfied and continued the expansion of his territory. He attempted to conquer the great province of Manzi, a wealthy territory.   The king of Manzi had discovered through astrology that he could not lose his kingdom except at the hands of a man with a hundred eyes.   In response,   Bayan Chincsan, known as â€Å"Bayan Hundred-eyes,† was sent into Manzi by order of the Great Khan.   Bayan succeeded and Kubilai finally conquered Manzi. This clearly demonstrates the Great Khan’s desire to expand his power base from all fronts. Perhaps, in a way, it depicts over ambition as opposed to logistical, military expansion. Ultimately, this type of imperialism would later lead to Khan’s eventually overextension and downfall. From Marco Polo’s descriptions of the influence of the Great Khan throughout most of China, it appears that he was a powerful sovereign whose impression on history still resonates to this very day.   However, Marco Polo’s presentation of the Great Khan drafts an image of the Great Khan as the only leader who could rule and dominate the world Although Marco Polo’s explanation that many cities he visited were ruled by the Great Khan is true, to the reader it seems like he venerated Kubilai Khan above all others. Perhaps Marco Polo was in such awe of Khan, he sought to see him as a great leader as opposed to a destructive, predatory imperialist and from this, an idealized version of history was cr

Beloved Adenuga Essays (1159 words) - Economy, Unemployment, World

Beloved Adenuga Essays (1159 words) - Economy, Unemployment, World Beloved Adenuga Professor Seifert ENGW 102 sec 10 13 September,2017 Unemployment of Graduates in Nigeria Nigeria is currently faced with a lot of problems which includes but not limited to Boko Haram insurgencies in the northern part of Nigeria, poor infrastructures, unemployment, bad road s , irregular power supplies , inadequate health system s , environmental pollution s , disunity as some are fighting for a division of Nigeria into two separate countries-Biafra war. These problems are so numerous that it will take years of collective effort s on the part of individual Nigerians to br ing this country into actualization as the giant of Africa. However, t his research will focus majorly on the issue of graduate u nemploy ment in Nigeria. It will answer the questions about the causes, effect s and solution s to this problem . The cause s of Graduate unemployment include corruption of political office holders, lack of investments in industrialization and inadequ ate job skill s of most graduates due to the poor educational system in Nigeria. Unemployment has majorly led to increased crime rate , prostitution and poverty. Unemployment also has psychological effects on the unemployed such as depression, low self-esteem and increased stress level. To solve this problem , there needs to be improvement in the quality of education at tertiary institutions to enable students to acquire the skills needed to make them employable , government policies should be made to encourage foreign investors and to favor the growth of small scale companies. There should also be enforcement of laws against corruption to prevent embezzlement of funds by government officials. To emphasis the need for the research on this topic, it is important to get an insight into the current trend of graduate unemployment in Nigeria. The graduate unemployment r ate in Nigeria increases exponential as about 200,000 people graduate from tertiary institutions yearly with no job opportunities available for them. The massive number of these graduates get compounded over time. In other words, majority of people that graduate in a year end up not get employed therefore adding to the number of unemployed graduates from previous years. This is proven by the usual massive turnout of graduates whenever there are little job opportunities available. Since the number of applicants for a job is massive, it makes it difficult to select people that are well qualif ied for the job. Employees are then forced to look beyond qualifications and employ people based on favoritism. Due to frustration, graduates take jobs that pay below their qualificatio ns or not even related to their field of study just to earn a living . That is, graduates that are meant to be working in factories, hospitals, business enterprises are found working in stores, in elementary schoo ls or doing other low pay jobs. In other cases, some graduates engage in criminal ac tivities and i llegal activities to make money majorly robbery, online scam, prostitution and drug trafficking. There are various factors that cause the m assive unemployment in Nigeria. This research will help answer the question: What are the causes of unemployment in Nigeria? It is very important to know the root of this problem because it will help makes the solution easy. One major cause of unemployment is the corruption of the government. The government embezzle funds and resources that are meant to create more job opportunities . Instead of investing m oney into building industries that will employ thousands of people, government officials prefer to use that money for personal enri chment. To reduce corruption the Economic and Financial crime commission(EFCC) in Nigeria must be strengthened and strict punishment should to given to political officers that are found guilty. In the research paper other causes as listed in the thesis will be discussed and solutions will be given to each of them. Unemployment has made the youth s to think of dubious and negative ways to make money. There is a term referred to as "419" in Nigeria, this is a corrupt practice in which the victim is convinced to give mo ney to a stranger. Unemployed young men usually engage in this practice to extort money from ladies overseas by disguising to be